California Towhee

Pipilo crissalis Order: PASSERIFORMES Family: Sparrows (Emberizidae)
California Towhee Portrait
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California Towhee Variations:

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General

California Towhee: Large sparrow with uniform brown-gray body, faintly streaked underparts, and buff throat bordered with dark streaks. Tail is long with cinnamon-brown undertail coverts. Sexes are similar. Juvenile has more diffusely streaked underparts.

Range and Habitat

California Towhee: Resident in coastal and foothill chaparral from Oregon to southern Baja California. Preferred habitats include shady underbrush, open woods, pinyon-juniper woodlands, and suburban gardens.

Listen to Call

Voice Text

"chink", "tseeee"

Interesting Facts

 California Towhees are highly territorial and will often battle their own reflections in windows or other reflective surfaces.

 First named as a separate species in 1839, they were combined with Canyon Towhee in 1886. Studies of their mitochondrial DNA has recently resulted in them being considered a full species once again.

 They forage on the ground, scuffing the dirt with both feet at once in a fast, hopping motion.

 A group of towhees are collectively known as a "tangle" and a "teapot" of towhees.



Author

Gary Owen Dick

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Range Map for California Towhee

Related Birds

Spotted Towhee
American Pipit
Green-tailed Towhee
Canyon Towhee
Eastern Towhee
Olive Sparrow
Abert's Towhee
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Family Buntings, Finches, Sparrows (Emberizidae)_blue
Species Pipilo crissalis
Length9 Inches
Wingspan12 Inches

California Towhee

California Towhee: Large sparrow, uniform brown-gray body, faintly streaked underparts, buff throat bordered with dark streaks. Tail is long with cinnamon-brown undertail coverts. Pink-brown legs and feet. Short flights with rapid beating wing strokes alternating with wings pulled briefly to sides.

● Song: "chink", "tseeee"

● Foraging & Feeding: California Towhee: Diet consists of seeds, grain, and insects. Forages in open, but usually prefers cover, quietly double-scratching on the ground under foliage, outdoor buildings, and fences.

● Breeding & nesting: California Towhee: Two to six light blue or green eggs, with brown and black markings, are laid in a cup nest built low in a bush or young tree. Eggs are incubated for approximately 11 days by the female.

● Similar species: California Towhee: Canyon Towhee has a rust-brown crown and grayer upperparts. Abert's Towhee is buff and has a black area around bill.

Flight Pattern

Short flights wih rapid wing beats.
California Towhee Body Illustration
● Range & Habitat: California Towhee: Resident in coastal and foothill chaparral from Oregon to southern Baja California. Preferred habitats include shady underbrush, open woods, pinyon-juniper woodlands, and suburban gardens.
BreedingMonogamous, Solitary nester
PopulationCommon in range
MigrationNonmigratory
Weight1.9 Ounces